The essence of war is described as what?

The essence of war is accurately characterized as a violent struggle between two hostile, independent, and irreconcilable wills. This definition captures the fundamental nature of war beyond mere tactical maneuvers or conflicts of interests. It emphasizes that war is inherently about the clash of opposing forces with distinct objectives, each determined to prevail over the other, often leading to violent confrontations.

Focusing on the aspects of hostility and independence highlights that each side operates with its own motivations and goals, fundamentally opposing the other’s aims. The term "irreconcilable" signifies that these wills cannot find common ground through negotiation or diplomacy, which is often the precursor to warfare. This understanding underscores the seriousness and destructive potential of war, defining it as not just a series of battles or strategic decisions but as a significant conflict of interests carried out through force.